also winning bids and began manufacturing products. These companies
would send people to RadLab to
learn and as a result microwave
knowledge would spread among the
contractors. For instance, working
closely with RadLab, Sylvania would
acquire information on microwave
point-contact diodes and Raytheon
would learn about microwave tubes,
klystrons and magnetrons, which they
would in turn commercialize and of-
fer to others working on radar systems.
Saad held a number of positions that
provided him with important connections to the industry. In 1945, he was in
California, still employed by RadLab,
but working with a company called Gil-fillan. After RadLab he continued work
as a radar engineer with the Submarine
Signal Co., which merged with
Raytheon in 1946. From there he and a
few others including Dr. Henry Riblet
formed a new company (Microwave
Development Labs or MDL) specializing in microwave waveguide technology. Waveguide plumbing would represent a large segment of the microwave
activity at this time. Later, he worked at
Sylvania Electric Products alongside future Associate Editors—Dr. Benjamin
Lax and Marshall Pease. In 1955, he
started a company of his own, called
Sage Laboratories.
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Spreading microwave theory from
RadLab out to prominent New York
companies would come notably by way
of the Varian brothers (Russell and Sigurd) (see Figure 5) and MIT Professor
W.L. Barrow among others. The brothers, along with Stanford Professor W. W.
Hansen, had invented the klystron and
worked together at RadLab during the
war. Later, the Varians would go to
Sperry Gyroscope in Great Neck, NY
and essentially help them build klystrons. Hansen worked and lectured at
MIT during the war years and returned
to Stanford afterwards, but beforehand
he would travel weekly from MIT to
Sperry on Long Island with lecture
notes from Julian Schwinger on microwave theory, measurement techniques and applications to pulsed and
Doppler radar. Meanwhile, Barrow
who had published work in 1936 (the
first paper on microwave technology
presented to the IEEE) on propagating
radio waves in “hollow pipes” would
become a chief scientist and vice president at Sperry.
Saad had worked for Professor Barrow while writing his thesis on mi-
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▲ Fig. 4 The Raytheon Spencer
Laboratory Equipment Division in
Burlington, MA, ca. 1959.
