L
T
U
I
O
O
N
S
S
I
N
G
N
D
E
I
T
R
S
P
E
No. 1
R
T
Ü
N
F
I
K
I
N
E
C
T
H
Discover the new HFS-865 probes for high quality
signal measurements. These probes are intended to be
operated at frequency ranges as high as 12 GHz.
Test Probes · Test Fixtures NEW Premium Grade RF-Probe Series.
INGUN’s product range comprises well matched,
ultra-low loss passive components to meet your high
expectations in regards to a premium RF probing
solution.
Variety: World’s largest assortment of impedance-defined spring-loaded contacting solutions for
– PCB launches (e.g. for microstrip, coplanar)
– coaxial interfaces
– other RF components
Quality through precision – Made in Germany
Our partner in the field of RF:
Typical s-Parameters for HFS-865 Probe:
Return Loss (Matching) and Transmission (Loss)
0
Return Loss s11 [dB]
Transmission
(when contacting on PC 3.5-f)
HFS-865 contacting
on PC 3. 5 interface
Transmission s21 [dB]
HFS-865: Time-Gated Result (Probe only)
0
2
4
6
ingun Prüfmittelbau GmbH
Max-Stromeyer-Straße 162
78467 Konstanz
Germany
8
10
12
Tel. + 49 7531 8105-0
Fax + 49 7531 8105-65
info@ingun.com
www.ingun.com
Cables & ConneCtors
supplement
Outer conductor or shield choices impact the attenuation, shielding effectiveness, physical resistance to torque
and crushing, and the flexibility of coaxial cables. Basic design choices include braid coverage, application of braid
by weaving or wrapping, total number and combination of
braid and foil layers, and base metal and surface finish.
There are a variety of ways to design and manufacture
shields on coaxial cables. Flexible cables use any combination of braided fine wires and wrapped foils to provide a
conductive layer that flexes. Table 4 shows five different
variations of outer conductor designs for flexible cables
ranked by different design considerations.
Jacket materials serve as a protective covering from the
environment. Although cable jackets do not play a role in
the electrical performance of a coaxial cable, they are an integral part of the overall cable performance when installed.
Some of the environmental conditions cable jackets are
designed to protect against include extreme temperature
excursions, abrasion, ultra violet radiation, rain, humidity, flame resistance, low smoke and toxicity, resistance to
fluids, crushing/bending forces and corrosion. There are
various jacket materials offered by manufacturers that are
tailored to protect against one or more of these types of
environmental conditions. Most manufacturers offer guidance on jacket choices and designers need to consider the
service environment their products will experience when
choosing the optimal cable for their application.
CONCLUSION
It has been 130 years since Oliver Heaviside first patented the concept of coaxial cable in 1880. Another 80
years have passed since the pioneering work at Bell Labs
laid the groundwork for modern coaxial cables to be defined by 50, 75 and 93 ohm impedances and standardized by the military specification, MIL-DTL- 17. Today
our lives are impacted in many ways by coaxial transmission lines. They are used extensively in two-way communications systems for police and fire departments,
rescue personnel, and first responders. The products
we consume every day are shipped on carriers who rely
on satellite communications systems, GPS tracking and
mobile telecommunications technology that all operate with the aid of coaxial cable transmission lines. Our
national security is also supported by communication
systems, radars, electronic counter measures and target
acquisition systems that use coaxial cables.
In the last 30 years a large push to transmit at higher frequencies challenged the manufacturers of high
performance coaxial cable to push the technology and
introduce new products. These new cables far exceed
the performance standards of MIL-DTL- 17 and well
informed engineers can take advantage of a variety of
product designs and innovations to optimize critical performance parameters in their system designs. No single
cable offers the best solution for every design application, but by carefully considering the various material
and design options related to the inner conductor, dielectric, outer conductor, and jacket and how those options impact the coaxial cable’s electrical, mechanical,
cost and environmental performance, the optimal product choice can be made. n
